IL-1 alpha→Interleukin-6→Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha→poly-ADP-ribose

• 11883273(IL-1+alpha): [Levels of proinflammatory cytokines (Il-1 alpha, Il-6, TNF-alpha) in the semen plasma of male partners of infertile couples]

  In semen plasma of 46 male partners of infertile couples the levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 alpha , IL-6 , TNF-alpha were quantified.

• 12487865(Interleukin-6): [Nitric oxide and cytokine levels in the seminal plasma of infertile men.]

  OBJECTIVE : To evaluate the effect of nitric oxide (NO) , TNF alpha , IL-6 , IL-8 on the pathogenesis of infertile men.

• 1330900(Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha): Activation of human macrophages for the killing of intracellular Trypanosoma cruzi by TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma through a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism.

  Similarly , IFN-gamma triggered the production of nitric oxide (NO) by macrophages , whereas TNF-alpha was less effective , although it was also synergistic with IFN-gamma.

• 7533621(poly-ADP-ribose): Protein kinase C and tyrosine kinase pathways regulate lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide synthase activity in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.

  These results suggest the involvement of protein kinase C , tyrosine kinase and poly-ADP ribosylation pathways in the regulation of the induction of nitric oxide synthase in RAW 264.7 macrophages by LPS and IFN gamma.