IGF-1→Radiation-Protective Agents→Thalidomide→NF-kappa B→NF-kappa B→poly-ADP-ribose

• 16254703(IGF-1): Effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and amifostine in spinal cord reirradiation.

  MATERIAL AND METHODS : The cervical spinal cord of 51 adult Fisher F-344 rats received a single fraction of 16 Gy , which corresponds to approximately 75 % of the median paresis dose (ED (50)) , followed 5 months later by a second radiation dose , which ranged from 17 to 21 Gy.

• 16019423(Radiation-Protective Agents): Evaluation of insulin-like growth factor-1 for prevention of radiation-induced spinal cord damage.

  METHODS : Animal experiments were conducted to test the feasibility of IGF-1 injection in a model of cervical spinal cord irradiation in adult Fisher F-344 rats and to determine the most effective dose level of IGF-1.

• 18197140(Thalidomide): Effect of thalidomide on signal transduction pathways and secondary damage in experimental spinal cord trauma.

  Taken together , our results clearly demonstrate that treatment with thalidomide reduces the development of inflammation and tissue injury events associated with spinal cord trauma.

• 15452194(NF-kappa B): Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase modulate signal transduction pathways and secondary damage in experimental spinal cord trauma.

  Taken together , our results clearly demonstrate that treatment with PARP inhibitors reduces the development of inflammation and tissue injury events associated with spinal cord trauma.

• 10494847(NF-kappa B): A role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in NF-kappaB transcriptional activation.

  Here we show that poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) is required for specific NF-kappaB transcriptional activation in vivo.

• 11420111(poly-ADP-ribose): Characterization of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase from Crithidia fasciculata: enzyme inhibition by beta-lapachone.

  Crithidia fasciculata poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) has been isolated and partially purified.