MMP12→Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha→NAD→poly-ADP-ribose

• 16676616(MMP12): [Study on matrix metalloproteinase 1, 9, 12 polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among Han nationality in northern China]

  OBJECTIVE : To study the association between the functional polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

• 18488438(Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha): Systemic inflammation after inspiratory loading in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

  OBJECTIVE : Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) present systemic inflammation.

• 12853070(NAD): Systemic poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activation, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress in COPD patients.

  Oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) strongly suggest a role for the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1 , E.C. 2.4.2.30) in the disease pathophysiology.

• 8080500(poly-ADP-ribose): Nitric oxide activation of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase in neurotoxicity.

  Poly (adenosine 5 ' - diphosphoribose) synthetase (PARS) is a nuclear enzyme which , when activated by DNA strand breaks , adds up to 100 adenosine 5 ' - diphosphoribose (ADP-ribose) units to nuclear proteins such as histones and PARS itself.