matrix metalloproteinase→Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A→Isoquinolines→Isoquinolines→poly-ADP-ribose

• 19556529(matrix+metalloproteinase): Plasma and brain matrix metalloproteinase-9 after acute focal cerebral ischemia in rats.

  Here , we examined the temporal profiles of MMP-9 in blood and brain using a rat model of acute focal cerebral ischemia.

• 19073180(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A): Therapeutic application of gene silencing MMP-9 in a middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced focal ischemia rat model.

  We hypothesize that MMP-9 siRNA can be effective as an MMP-9 protein inhibitor in a rat focal ischemia model.

• 10350529(Isoquinolines): Post-treatment with an inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase attenuates cerebral damage in focal ischemia.

  The present study examined the effect of post-ischemic pharmacological inhibition of PARP in a rat focal cerebral ischemia model.

• 9334719(Isoquinolines): Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene disruption renders mice resistant to cerebral ischemia.

  One candidate pathway is DNA damage leading to activation of the nuclear enzyme , poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) , which catalyzes attachment of ADP ribose units from NAD to nuclear proteins following DNA damage.

• 6458707(poly-ADP-ribose): Effects of nicotinamide on NAD and poly(ADP-ribose) metabolism in DNA-damaged human lymphocytes.

  Thus under conditions that it enhances unscheduled DNA synthesis , nicotinamide causes marked effects on the metabolism of NAD + and poly (ADP-ribose).