MMP12→Interleukin-8→NAD→poly-ADP-ribose

• 19731200(MMP12): Matrix metalloproteinase gene polymorphisms: lack of association with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Brazilian population.

  There are many candidate genes for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

• 16007706(Interleukin-8): Polymorphisms in the interleukin-8 gene in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

  Airway inflammation is the main pathophysiological feature of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

• 12853070(NAD): Systemic poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activation, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress in COPD patients.

  Oxidative stress and systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) strongly suggest a role for the nuclear enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1 , E.C. 2.4.2.30) in the disease pathophysiology.

• 8080500(poly-ADP-ribose): Nitric oxide activation of poly(ADP-ribose) synthetase in neurotoxicity.

  Poly (adenosine 5 ' - diphosphoribose) synthetase (PARS) is a nuclear enzyme which , when activated by DNA strand breaks , adds up to 100 adenosine 5 ' - diphosphoribose (ADP-ribose) units to nuclear proteins such as histones and PARS itself.