IL-1 beta→Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha→Serine→CREB

• 18780953(IL-1+beta): The effects of cured dentin bonding agents on secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, by human monocytes.

  Prime and bond exposure caused more prominent decrease in TNF-alpha production after 72 hours.

• 12052830(Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha): The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway limits lipopolysaccharide activation of signaling pathways and expression of inflammatory mediators in human monocytic cells.

  In sepsis , lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and tissue factor (TF) in monocytic cells via the activation of the transcription factors Egr-1 , AP-1 , and nuclear factor-kappa B. However , the signaling pathways that negatively regulate LPS-induced TNF-alpha and TF expression in monocytic cells are currently unknown.

• 11438544(Serine): Roles of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in interferon-gamma-dependent phosphorylation of STAT1 on serine 727 and activation of gene expression.

  Specific inhibition of PI3K abrogates IFN gamma-induced , but not interleukin-1 - or tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced , phosphorylation of STAT1 on serine and reduces STAT1-dependent transcription and gene expression by approximately 7-fold.

• 19731018(CREB): Phosphorylation changes of CaMKII, ERK1/2, PKB/Akt kinases and CREB activation during early long-term potentiation at Schaffer collateral-CA1 mouse hippocampal synapses.

  Our findings , besides providing a detailed timing of phosphorylation of the major kinases involved in E-LTP in mice , revealed that a modest LTP induction paradigm specifically triggers CREB-mediated gene expression.