IL-1 beta→Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha→NF-kappa B→c-jun

• 19096964(IL-1+beta): Serum interleukin-1beta as a marker for differentiation of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

  Our results showed that in the symptomatic phase in asthmatics , serum IL-1beta levels were higher (P (0.05) than in patients with COPD.

• 19950277(Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha): Serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in mixed cryoglobulinemia.

  CONCLUSION : Our findings demonstrate elevated serum levels of IL-1beta , IL-6 , and TNFalpha in patients with HCV-MC.

• 16435581(NF-kappa B): p38 MAPK and NF-kappaB on IL-6 release in human gingival fibroblasts.

  Both the NF-kappaB inhibitors in the presence of SB203580 had more inhibitory effect on IL-6 release.

• 10646503(c-jun): Functional interplay between nuclear factor-kappaB and c-Jun integrated by coactivator p300 determines the survival of nerve growth factor-dependent PC12 cells.

  To investigate how the signal transduction pathways activating c-Jun and NF-kappaB are differentially regulated by NGF , we performed transcriptional analyses.