IL-1 beta→Interleukin-1beta→Interleukin-8→c-fos

• 19274529(IL-1+beta): Interleukin-1beta gene (IL-1beta) polymorphisms (SNP -511 and SNP +3953) in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) among the Polish population.

  MATERIALS AND METHODS : The IL-1beta gene polymorphisms at -511 and +3953 regions in 117 TAO patients of Polish origin (ATA/NOSPECS class III or greater) and in 106 controls were studied.

• 19317746(Interleukin-1beta): Single nucleotide polymorphism of interleukin-1beta associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in immune thrombocytopenic purpura.

  Of these gene polymorphisms , the IL-1beta (-511) T allele was less frequently detected in H. pylori-infected than in H. pylori-uninfected (58 % vs 81 % , P = 0.01 , odds ratio = 0.31) ITP patients diagnosed before age 50.

• 11377390(Interleukin-8): Mechanism for Helicobacter pylori stimulation of interleukin-8 production in a gastric epithelial cell line (MKN 28): roles of mitogen-activated protein kinase and interleukin-1beta.

  The additive effect of H. pylori and IL-1beta on IL-8 production was inhibited by treatment with a p38 MAPK inhibitor.

• 20432471(c-fos): Caffeine induces matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 down-regulation in human leukemia U937 cells via Ca2+/ROS-mediated suppression of ERK/c-fos pathway and activation of p38 MAPK/c-jun pathway.

  Transfection of constitutively active MEK1 or pretreatment with SB202190 (p38 MAPK inhibitor) restored MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein expression in caffeine-treated cells.