IL-1 beta→Collagen→Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A→Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A→CREB

• 20367415(IL-1+beta): Intracapsular pressure and interleukin-1beta cytokine in hips with acetabular dysplasia.

  BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE : Several studies have demonstrated an increased intracapsular pressure in several hip disorders such as septic arthritis , synovitis , and trauma.

• 16821180(Collagen): [Expression analysis of different collagens and cytokines in cartilage cells derived from arthrotic hip and knee joints]

  Further , chondrocytes were isolated from OA knee and hip joints , expanded in vitro and gene expression patterns were investigated by quantitative RT-PCR.

• 16095117(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A): Vascular endothelial growth factor activities on osteoarthritic chondrocytes.

  RESULTS : VEGF production by osteoartritis (OA) chondrocytes was significantly reduced by IL-1beta while it was increased in the presence of TGFbeta.

• 14991903(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A): Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces matrix metalloproteinase expression in immortalized chondrocytes.

  VEGF increased secreted MMP-1 , MMP-3 , and especially MMP-13 , which could be effectively reduced by an inhibitor of VEGFR-2 kinase activity.

• 20067582(CREB): CREB activation mediates VEGF-A's protection of neurons and cerebral vascular endothelial cells.

  We found that VEGF-A activated VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) , phosphorylated CREB in neurons and endothelial cells , and protected against HI , and inhibiting VEGFR-2 before VEGF-A reduced the protective effect of VEGF-A in rat pups.