TNF-alpha→Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha→Transcription Factor AP-1→JunD

• 20378011(TNF-alpha): Long-term anti-TNF-alpha treatments reverse the endothelial dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis: the biological coherence between synovial and endothelial inflammation.

  We assessed the FMD response to anti-TNF-alpha treatments in 28 RA patients , aged 49.8 + / -15.3 years : an unpaired FMD was found in 66.7 percent of our cases and was restored after 6 weeks of anti-TNF-a treatment (13.5 + / -5.3 percent vs 4.6 + / -4.1 percent , p less than 0.05).

• 8566007(Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha): Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the regulation of activated synovial T cell growth: down-regulation of synovial T cells in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

  After mitogen stimulation , the majority of synovial T cells in RA patients accumulated in S-phase.

• 9153554(Transcription Factor AP-1): Direct evidence of high DNA binding activity of transcription factor AP-1 in rheumatoid arthritis synovium.

  RESULTS : A markedly high DNA binding activity of AP-1 was detected in the synovial tissues of RA patients , while virtually no activity or only a little activity was observed in OA patients.

• 8939957(JunD): Modulation of JunD.AP-1 DNA binding activity by AP-1-associated factor 1 (AF-1).

  DNA binding analysis of AF-1 interaction with JunD.AP-1 and DNA shows that AF-1 increases the DNA binding affinity of JunD for AP-1 sites over 100-fold.