TNF-alpha→Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha→STAT1

• 20669559(TNF-alpha): [Locally advanced soft-tissue sarcomas. An innovating triad to avoid amputation: isolated limb perfusion, TNFalpha, and free microsurgical flap]

  The limb was preserved in 78 % of cases.

• 9864423(Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha): Toxicity and antitumor activity of interferon gamma alone and in combinations with TNFalpha and melphalan in isolated limb perfusion in the BN175 sarcoma tumor model in rats.

  When IFNgamma was added to TNFalpha or TNFalpha + M it increased limb toxicity significantly (p (0.05 and p (0.005).

• 11278357(STAT1): Interferon gamma (IFNgamma ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha synergism in ME-180 cervical cancer cell apoptosis and necrosis. IFNgamma inhibits cytoprotective NF-kappa B through STAT1/IRF-1 pathways.

  IFNgamma induced STAT1 phosphorylation and interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) expression.