pyruvate kinase→Pyruvate Kinase→Pyruvate Kinase→Glucose→glutamine

• 17577247(pyruvate kinase): Fecal M2-pyruvate kinase (M2-PK): a novel marker of intestinal inflammation.

  Surrogate markers of bowel inflammation are increasingly being recognized as important , not only as markers of disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) but also to differentiate irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) from IBD.

• 11326648(Pyruvate Kinase): Tumor M2-pyruvate kinase: a promising tumor marker in the diagnosis of gastro-intestinal cancer.

  In this study we investigated EDTA-plasma of 68 patients with gastrointestinal cancer , 22 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 60 healthy controls.

• 15162541(Pyruvate Kinase): Tumor type M2 pyruvate kinase expression in gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and controls.

  The present study was designed to evaluate the use of a new tumor marker , tumor M (2) - PK , in discriminating gastrointestinal cancer patients from healthy controls , and to compare with the reference tumor markers CEA and CA72-4.

• 9409743(Glucose): Glucose regulates the promoter activity of aldolase A and pyruvate kinase M2 via dephosphorylation of Sp1.

  Proliferating cells and tumor cells maintain a high glycolytic rate even under aerobic conditions.

• 18060527(glutamine): Glutamine enhances glucose-induced mesangial cell proliferation.

  Glutamine in a high glucose (HG) environment increased cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.